Potable water treatment equipment
Potable water treatment equipment.
Adeagua, performs the study, design, design and execution of potabilization plants of all sizes, from small flows with compact plants to large flows.
Los sistemas unitarios que utilizados pueden son:
FILTRATION
Performing a proper filtration process is essential for the proper functioning of any water treatment plant. Depending on the quality demanded, it will be necessary to apply different filtration processes such as silica filters, cartridge filters, carbon filters, membranes, etc. It is possible to reduce the amount of suspended solids and to improve the performance of other stages in the process of adaptation of the effluent.
ADEAGUA, dimensions the equipment by calculating the useful surface of filtration from the treatment flow rates, the filtration rate and the quality you want to achieve.
Cartridge and bag filters, consists of a surface filtration through a support that can be of different material and pore sizes up to 1 micron. There are manual or automatic, which are cleaned by time or differential pressure difference.
Filters of silex, silex-anthracite, garnet-anthracite-silex, although they can be manual or with multivalves, those that rule for medium-high flows are those that incorporate independent valves, it is estimated that without combination of coagulation-flocculation the retention arrives up to 50 microns.
The most commonly used are pressure filters, although the filters for continuous filtration are of great use.
The multilayers achieve better yields, the layers of filter material are placed in such a way that the material of the upper part traps the larger particles, the layer that follows down the medium size and the smaller layer the smaller, reaching retain particles up to 15 microns. These particles can be: soil, iron oxides, organic plant or animal waste, inorganic precipitates, etc.
Filters for the removal of iron (desferretization) or other metals such as arsenic. The filtering support is a mineral and the removal is done once the metal is in the oxidized state, since in this form it is in suspension.
Coal filters, for the elimination of oxidants or organic substances that are in low concentration in the water and that will be adsorbed.
- Inorganic compounds: free chlorine, ozone, iodine, arsenic (in organic complexes), chromium (in organic complexes), mercury (in organic complexes).
- Organic compounds: color causing odor and taste, benzene, toluene, trihalomethanes, pesticides such as Atrazine, Chlordane, Dinoseb, Endrin, Heptachlor, Lindane, Picloram, Simazine and Toxaphene.
- Aesthetics: color, smell and taste, foam (active substances to methylene blue).
Filtration of rings, the filter element consists of a cartridge of grooved rings, which are tightened with each other, letting the water through and retaining those particles whose size is larger than the passage of the slots.
Ring filters should be restricted to the retention of particles of mineral origin, using for the retention of particles of organic origin the sand filters, whose effectiveness is sufficiently demonstrated.
Decalcifiers
The installation of a water softener will depend on the final use of that water, there are applications that need water without hardness and others that must have a small proportion, the realization is that the calcium and magnesium ion generates incrustations that will always be a problem.
The choice of a water softener will depend on the hardness of the water, the amount of water to be descaled a day, the tip flow, etc. ADEAGUA must define the necessary equipment according to the final needs.
Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration, Reverse Osmosis
The process of membrane separation is based on the use of semi-permeable membranes. The process is that the membrane lets water through while retaining suspended solids and other substances. In these methods the application of high pressure, the maintenance of a concentration gradient on both sides of the membrane and the introduction of an electric potential appears.
The membrane functions as a selective separation wall. Certain substances can pass through the membrane, while others are trapped in it.
There are two factors that determine the effectiveness of a membrane filtration process: selectivity and productivity. The selectivity is expressed by a parameter called retention factor or separation factor (expressed in l / m2 h). Productivity is expressed by a parameter called flux (expressed in l / m2 h). The selectivity and productivity depend on the membrane.
